Syllabus del corso
Obiettivi
Corso introduttivo alla fisica degli ammassi di galassie.
L'obiettivo principale è quello di fornire una panoramica delle proprietà generali degli ammassi di galassie e dare una base di partenza per eventuali studi più approfonditi sui singoli argomenti.
Contenuti sintetici
Vedi programma esteso
Programma esteso
Title: PHYSICS OF GALAXY CLUSTERS
SETTING THE CONTEXT
- The observed Universe:
- Redshift definition and Hubble-Lemaitre law
- Redshift surveys
- Local Large Scale Structure (LSS): from the Milky-Way to Laniakea
- Definition of Group of Galaxies, Cluster of Galaxies, Supercluster, Void
- The primordial Universe and brief Universe’s history
- The simulated Universe: simulations of the LSS
- Motivation for the study of galaxy clusters
A MULTI-WAVELENGTH VIEW
- Hubble Diagram and the galactic content in clusters
- Morphology - density relation of galaxies
- Optical Cluster Catalogues and morphological classification from galactic content
- Total mass of clusters from the dynamics of the galaxies (virial theorem)
- Mass-to-light ratio
- Rotation curves in Sp galaxies
- Gravitational lenses: strong and weak lensing effect
- Introduction to the X-Ray Astronomy for galaxy clusters
- Properties of the Intra-Cluster Medium (ICM; cooling, heating)
- X-ray spectra of clusters
- Total mass from the ICM temperature and density profiles
- Matter composition of galaxy clusters
- Baryonic mass fraction
- Clusters mass function
- ICM entropy
- Metal content in the ICM and enrichment mechanisms
COOL-CORE CLUSTERS
- The core properties of dynamically relaxed clusters:
- Cooling time, density, temperature profiles
- Brightest Clusters Galaxies (BCG)
- Cooling flow and gas flow suppression (AGN feedback)
- Spitzer thermal conduction and turbulence
- Fate of the cooling gas
MERGERS IN CLUSTERS
- Properties of the dynamically un-relaxed clusters
- Mergers shocks: the Bullet cluster
- Shock kinematic, Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions
- Energetic of clusters mergers
- Cold Fronts in un-relaxed clusters: merger cold fronts
- Cold fronts in relaxed clusters: gas sloshing
- Diffuse radio emission in clusters: halos, relics, mini-halos
- Group scale accretion in clusters outskirts
- Missing baryon problem and cluster outskirts
Modalità didattica
Video lezioni pre-registrate
Materiale didattico
BIBLIOGRAFIA UTILE PER APPROFONDIMENTI
Una panoramica generale sugli ammassi
Schneider P. 2016, "Extragalactic Astronomy and Cosmology - an Introduction", http://www.bruzual.org/~gbruzual/direccion/libro.pdf
Review generale (un po' datata per la parte osservativa, ma ottima per la parte fisica)
Sarazin C. 1988, "X-ray emission from clusters of galaxies", http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/March02/Sarazin/frames.html
Gli ammassi nei raggi X
Boehringer & Werner 2009 "X-ray Spectroscopy of Galaxy Clusters" https://arxiv.org/pdf/0907.4277.pdf
Review storica sugli ammassi
Biviano. A. 2000, "From Messier to Abell: 200 years of science with Galaxy Clusters", https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0010409
Simulazioni cosmologiche e formazione degli ammassi
Borgani & Kravtsov 2009, "Cosmological simulations of galaxy clusters", http://arxiv.org/abs/0906.4370
Kravtsov & Borgani 2012, "Formation of galaxy clusters", https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-astro-081811-125502
Misura di massa da lenti gravitazionali
Hoekstra et al. 2013, “Masses of galaxy clusters from gravitational lensing”, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1303.3274.pdf
La metallicità del gas X
Mernier et al. 2018, "Enrichment of the hot intracluster medium: observations", https://arxiv.org/pdf/1811.01967.pdf
Fisica dei cool-cores
Peterson & Fabian 2006, "Xray spectroscopy of Cooling Clusters", https://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0512549.pdf
AGN feedback nei cool-cores
McNamara & Nulsen 2012, “Mechanical feedback from active galactic nuclei in galaxies, groups and clusters”, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1204.0006.pdf, https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/14/5/055023/pdf
Voit & Donahue 2005, "Cooling time, freefall time and precipitation in the cores of ACCEPT galaxy clusters", https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/799/1/L1/pdf
Gaspari, Tombesi & Cappi 2020, "Linking macro-, meso- and microscales in multiphase AGN feeding and feedback" (utili anche le referenze nel paper), https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.04985.pdf
Cluster mergers
Sarazin 2001, "The Physics of Cluster Mergers", https://cds.cern.ch/record/501265/files/0105418.pdf
Shock e cold front negli ammassi
Markevitch & Vikhlinin 2007, "Shocks and cold fronts in Galaxy Clusters", https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0701821
Il primo articolo sull’ammasso Pallottola
Markevitch et al. 2002, "A Textbook Example of a Bow Shock in the Merging Galaxy Cluster 1E 0657–56", https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/339619
La prima misura di massa del Bullet dalle lenti gravitazionali
Clowe et al. 2006, "A Direct Empirical Proof of the Existence of Dark Matter", https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/508162
Cold front (observations and simulations)
ZuHone & Roediger 2016, "Cold fronts: probes of plasma astrophysics in galaxy clusters" https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022377816000544
Diffuse radio emission in clusters
Feretti et al. 2012, "Clusters of galaxies: observational properties of the diffuse radio emission", http://www.ira.inaf.it/~ggiovann/mio/review.pdf
van Weeren et al. 2019, "Diffuse Radio Emission from Galaxy Clusters", https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.04496.pdf, https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11214-019-0584-z.pdf
Periodo di erogazione dell'insegnamento
Marzo-Aprile 2020
Modalità di verifica del profitto e valutazione
Esame orale
Orario di ricevimento
Per ogni informazione o domanda relativa al corso e/o agli argomenti svolti, contattare la docente direttamente all'indirizzo e-mail sabrina.degrandi@inaf.it
Aims
Introductory course in the physics of galaxy clusters.
The main objective is to provide an overview of the general properties of galaxy clusters and to provide a starting point for more in-depth studies on individual topics.
Contents
See detailed program
Detailed program
Title: PHYSICS OF GALAXY CLUSTERS
SETTING THE CONTEXT
- The observed Universe:
- Redshift definition and Hubble-Lemaitre law
- Redshift surveys
- Local Large Scale Structure (LSS): from the Milky-Way to Laniakea
- Definition of Group of Galaxies, Cluster of Galaxies, Supercluster, Void
- The primordial Universe and brief Universe’s history
- The simulated Universe: simulations of the LSS
- Motivation for the study of galaxy clusters
A MULTI-WAVELENGTH VIEW
- Hubble Diagram and the galactic content in clusters
- Morphology - density relation of galaxies
- Optical Cluster Catalogues and morphological classification from galactic content
- Total mass of clusters from the dynamics of the galaxies (virial theorem)
- Mass-to-light ratio
- Rotation curves in Sp galaxies
- Gravitational lenses: strong and weak lensing effect
- Introduction to the X-Ray Astronomy for galaxy clusters
- Properties of the Intra-Cluster Medium (ICM; cooling, heating)
- X-ray spectra of clusters
- Total mass from the ICM temperature and density profiles
- Matter composition of galaxy clusters
- Baryonic mass fraction
- Clusters mass function
- ICM entropy
- Metal content in the ICM and enrichment mechanisms
COOL-CORE CLUSTERS
- The core properties of dynamically relaxed clusters:
- Cooling time, density, temperature profiles
- Brightest Clusters Galaxies (BCG)
- Cooling flow and gas flow suppression (AGN feedback)
- Spitzer thermal conduction and turbulence
- Fate of the cooling gas
MERGERS IN CLUSTERS
- Properties of the dynamically un-relaxed clusters
- Mergers shocks: the Bullet cluster
- Shock kinematic, Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions
- Energetic of clusters mergers
- Cold Fronts in un-relaxed clusters: merger cold fronts
- Cold fronts in relaxed clusters: gas sloshing
- Diffuse radio emission in clusters: halos, relics, mini-halos
- Group scale accretion in clusters outskirts
- Missing baryon problem and cluster outskirts
Teaching form
Pre-recorded video lessons
Semester
March-April 2020
Assessment method
Oral examination
Office hours
For any information or question about the course and/or the topics covered, contact the teacher directly at the e-mail address sabrina.degrandi@inaf.it
Staff
-
Sabrina De Grandi